dietary wood betony, Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl extract as a growth promoter and immune enhancer in common carp [Cyprinm carpio]

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of wood betony [WB], Stachys lavandulifolia extract on growth performance and some immune responses in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Different concentrations of the WB extract 0, 2, 4 and 8% [g per 100 g of diet] were added to commercial diet. Each treatment was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish having average initial weight of 44 +/- 0.62 g for 10 weeks. The results showed that final weight, food conversion ratio, specific growth rate and condition factor were significantly improved by WB in a dose dependent manner, where the best growth parameters were achieved in the group of fish receiving the highest concentration of WB [P<0.05]. Feeding fish at 2 and 4% W/W by WB in the diet improved lysozyme activity, ACH[50] and IgM levels significantly in comparison to the control [P<0.05]. Group offish fed on 4% WB in the diet had the best levels of the immune characteristics [P<0.05]. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to feed common carp with WB to improve growth and non-specific immunity

[ survey of quality of life in first-time women in postpartum period]

Quality of life is a well-being feeling. The birth of a child has a major the impact on the mother and her Quality of life. Mothers experience many physiological, mental and social changes at postpartum period, which is influenced on her Quality of life. The Aim of this study was determining Life Quality in Mothers after Delivery in Women Referring to Dezful Health Centers in 2008. This study was a descriptive-Cohort study carried out in 2008. Sampling method was using quaoto sampling. The research data were collected using demographic feature questionnaire, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS], Short-Form-36 [SF-36] and specialized life quality questionnaire. Questionnaires were filled by 120 women, on 6 to 8 and 12 to 14 weeks after postpartum. Results showed that mean of depression score of 6-8 week postpartum was significantly more in score mean of depression in 12-14 week postpartum [P<0.001]. The analysis of SF-36 health survey questionnaire showed that the Physical functioning and Vitality scales had highest and lowest scores between all domains, and demonstrate that quality was very good and weak between all domains. Scores of different scales of specialized quality of life questionnaire in 6-8 week and 12-14 week postpartum were moderate quality. Quality of life of participants in this study were reported average, and as physiological, mental and social changes induced at postpartum period, hence Support of their husbands, other family members and health care personnel is necessary and improve the health of mothers and the quality of life in all stages of life

[Antimicrobial activities of Dorema auchri]

Due to emerging of resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics, investigations for novel antimicrobial agents have always been one of the major preoccupations of the medical society. Traditional medicine systems have played an important role during human evolution and development. Today, a number of medical herbs around the world have been studied for their medicinal activities. Amongst the several herbal medicine used as a medicine, Dorema auchri is yet another potent herbal medicine which has not been extensively studied for the medicinal uses in comparison has not been extensively studied for the medicinal uses in comparison with other herbal medicine. Dorema auchri has a long history of use as a sore and food additive in Yasuj, Iran. However, not much scientific work has been conducted on Dorema auchri antimicrobial activities. The present study aimed to study the antimicrobial properties of Dorema auchri on some pathogen microorganisms. In the present study was conducted at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2009. After collection and preparation of hydro alcoholic extract of Dorena auchri, the extract was used to study its activities against human pathogen microorganisms [overall 10 microorganisms]. The determination of minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum lethal concentration were evaluated for this extract. The antimicrobial potent of Dorem auchri extract was compared with commercial antibiotics. Each experiment was done three times and collected data were analyzed by SPSS using ANOVA and Chi-Square tests. Findings of this study showed that in 10 mg/ml concentration, all bacteria were resistant to Dorema auchri extract. In 20mg/ml concentration, only Staphylococcus areus and Staphylococcus epidermis showed zone of inhibition [ZOI] 10 mm and 13 mm respectively. In 40 mg/ml concentration, the maximum ZOI was 15 mm in Staphylococcus areus and 80 mg/ml concentration, the maximum ZOI was 20 mm in Staphylococcus areus. The acceptable MIC and MLC were 20 mg/ml and 40 mg/ml in Staphylococcus areus, Staphylococcus epidermis and Streptococcus pneumonia respectively. Our data clearly indicated that the Dorema auchri extract have antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus areus. Staphylococcus epidermis and Streptococcus pneumonia comparable with standard antibiotics

[ study on cryptosporidium contamination in lettuce collected from different areas in Shiraz]

Cryptosporidium, a zoonotic parasite with various hosts, is well recognized as pathogen in humans, particularly those with immune-suppression or immune-deficiency. The epidemiologic considerations for cryptosporidiosis emphasize on transmission of resistant oocystes via drinking water, vegetables, food, etc. The present study was undertaken to study the Cryptosporidium contamination in lettuce from different regions as a source of infection for human beings in Shiraz. In a descriptive-analytical study, the cryptosporidium contamination of 200 lettuce samples from four different regions was investigated during spring and summer, 2006. All samples were processed and examined using modified Ziel-Neilsen staining and also by a quantitative method for counting oocystes per sample. From a total of 200 samples, forty seven samples [23.5%] were positive. No significant difference was seen between contamination rate of lettuce and seasons, except for samples from Jahrom, where showed higher contamination rate in spring than summer. In addition, no significant difference was observed among oocytes count in different samples, except for lettuce from Ahwaz in summer with higher parasite intensity. Regarding to the high contamination of lettuce with Cryptosporidium, as well as to sanitary washing of vegetables before consumption, taking special procedures appear to be helpful for reducing the contamination rate at the farm level

[Relationship between clarity of role and job commitment among the personnel of the colleges of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences]

Human resources are important resources in an organization. The clarity of personnel's role may cause their satisfaction and result in higher productivity. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between role clarity and occupational commitment of personnel of the colleges in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. In this descriptive-analytical research, a total of 144 persons were selected from the 401 university employees using classified random sampling. Data gathering instruments included two questionnaires of role clarity and job commitment. Data were analyzed using one variable t test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Hotelling t[2]. Based on our results, the mean of role clarity [2.76 +/- 0.52] and occupational commitment [3.39 +/- 0.41] was more than average [P<0.01]. A significant and positive relationship was observed between the two variables [r=0.31]. Also significant relationship was observed between the role clarity and job commitment subscales [professional commitment, organizational commitment, attachment to work values, participation] [P<0.05]. Role clarity results in personnel's satisfaction. It changes their vision and attitudes in relation to their duties and responsibilities. This causes higher job commitment and more attempts to realize organizational goals

[Description of UTI in patients with renal transplantation admitted in labafinegad hospital from 1384 to 1385]

Background: the renal transplantation is now the treatment of choice for ESRD. Urinary tract is the most common site for infection after kidney transplantation. The different clinical and microbiological aspects of UTI in renal transplantation

Materials and Methods: in this cross-sectional study, the clinical manifestation at the time of admission, past medical history, the time of transplantation and the result of laboratory data including U/A, U/C and CBC of patients with kidney transplantation and probable UTI were collected and analysed in SPSS 11/5

Results: in 122 patients with UTI, 61 patients [50%] were admitted with fever, chilliness and weakness without urinary signs and symptoms. the interval between transplantation and infection was 1 month in 19 patients [15/6%], 1-3 month in 23 patients [18/9%], 3-6 month in 19 patients [15/6%] and 6-12 month in 12-patients [9/8%]. 49 patients were infected after 12 month. In 56 patients [45/9%] urine culture was negative and in the positive results, E coli was the most common [56%] organism

Conclusion: in this study UTI was occured most of the time in the first years after transplantation and was manifested with nonspecific signs and symptoms in most patients. Urine culture can be negative in near half of the cases

[Comparison of concentric isokinetic dominant shoulder internal and external rotator torque between professional female volleyball and tennis players]

The purpose of this study was to measure isokinetic maximum and average peak torque of internal and external rotators of glenohumeral joint in volley ball and tennis players This study was performed on 17 professional female athletes [7 tennis players and 10 volleyball players] with age ranged 18-28 years. The subjects had played in a skilled team for more than 3 years. They were free from injury to their dominant shoulder in the past year. Subjects performed a five minute warm up by shoulder wheel and Maximum average Peak Torque [APT] were obtained unilaterally by a Biodex System 3 with the arm of players in 90 degree abduction at 120,180 and 210 o/s. Players performed five trails of concentric movements with 30 second rest between them. Maximum and average of maximum torques of shoulder rotator, in both groups, expect for internal rotators of tennis players, reduced by increase of movement speed [P<0.05]. There are not significant difference between two groups in maximum, average of maximum torques and normalized data [ratio of maximum torque to weight]. There is significant difference between two groups in percentage of APT of External rotator / Internal rotator ratio at 210 o/s [P<0.05]. Volleyball and tennis have no effect on isokinetic strength of shoulder rotators. In high speed, ratio of External rotator / Internal rotator is reduced. This indicates that increase in movement speed increase internal rotator in comparison to external rotator in these professional female athletes

Comparing four management performance models in the health care system

One of the ways to manage human resources is performance management. With a systematic approach, this sort of management determines strategic goals, identifies indexes, collects, analyzes and reports data and ultimately improves the organization performance. Performance management is a process that calls for the interaction of factors such as administrative goals, accountability standards and evolutionary behaviors. There is a variety of models in performance management. However, designing and establishing performance management plan require us to follow a given practical model. The selection and implementation of performance management models can enhance the accuracy and reliability of the process itself. Among the models, the following can be referred to: Canada auditing office, World Health Organization, European foundation for quality management and input-output linear model. This study is aimed to evaluate these models to help us acquire a precise understanding of them and their impact on the performance of an organization